This book of breath-taking beauty presents you from the adventurous
beginnings of northern Atlantic crossing thrilling on 192 pages in
total in ten chapters up to the hochtechnisiert air traffic of presence.
A chapter heard there natural also that Concorde, as a fastest flier.
Through the Homepage one became attentive at my collection and in
such a way, I could be helpful with 18 proofs in total during the
preparation of the book. In addition, the book contains an original
quad block of the special flag "75 years northern Atlantic flight
Ost-West" as well as all four stamps from the sentence "historical
airmail transport". |
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page
163
The way for the ultrasonic
THE EVOLUTION FOR THE ULTRASONIC FLIGHT
A German fighter of the model actual in upper band 1945 Me rather
coincidental 262 in the fall flight the sound barrier broke through,
is no more clearly today provable. However, fact is that 1953 flew
for the first time in the year and flew an airplane in the straight
line excursion deliberately faster than the sound: one for- MACH 1
managed 100 Super Sabre. The military plane Lockheed for- 104 could
even fly constantly for a long time in 1958 with MACH 2.
Engineers on the idea to abridge the transcontinental travel times
with supersonic aircraft worked since then worldwide. In the case
of double velocity of sound - so a future vision -, the travel time
would be able to would be halved by London to New York for about four
hours because one was
 |
The F-104
"Starfighter"
Lockheed succeeded with
first flights with MACH 2. |
of conviction that according to the motto "time is money" every airplane
flying only faster the future would appertain.
Therefore, it was called for already 1956 to England into a commission
which was concerned with this idea life. One recognized fast that
an individual enterprise was overtaxed with required basic research.
In such a way, the "Supersonic Transport resulted Aircraft Commitee"
(STAC), that Havilland consisted of 28 members from the series of
the airplane designers of Bristol, DE up to shorts and Vickers. Too
the airlines BEA and BOAC sent employee into the committee whose work
was supported by a Subkomitee. It submits the commission in Great
Britain further development whose was considered for promising could
1959 two propositions:
- a 100-sitziges airplane of 2778 kilometers with a speed of MACH
1,5 (1482 k.p.h) and a range,
- a 150-sitziges airplane with a speed of MACH 1,8 (2222 k.p.h) and
a range of 6482 kilometers.
Too in the USA, several companies were concerned with realization
of a such ultrasonic flier. Not in the end former President John F.
Kennedy wanted to know the building a MACH-3 flier understood as a
national task. The companies Lockheed, the McDonnel Douglas were involved
in the SST project (Supersonic means of transportation) and Boeing.
However, this American project achieved no successes since one adjusted
it 1971 for lack of financial relief. |
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page
164
A common evolution study of the Hawker to Siddeley Aviation Ltd. and
the Bristol Aircraft Ltd. it led to finding in England first over
the form building of a new type of aircraft. One decided not to integrate
 |
A special die of the French
mail of
Toulouse for the first time show in
1963 a draft the English- French
more than sound flight testified
"Concorde". |
the trunk of the airplane into the wings as planned first but to implement
a carrying out with trunk separate by the wings.
A design draft no. first for an ultrasonic passenger plane with a
range over Atlantic it was the Bristol model 198: an airplane with
slim delta wings and six Olympus- turbo-engines those were positioned
below the wings A passenger capacity of 130 persons and a start emphasis
of 172 365 kg were planned.
Objections concerning the construction, the very high emphasis and
the efficiency caused the British government to first only give the
evolution of a less airplane in task. The result it was the Bristol
model 223 for 100 passengers of 113 398 kg with a maximum start emphasis.
Concorde
THAT CONCORDE LIFT OFF
During the long-standing evolution and building time of
the preproduction models of ultrasonic passenger planes, a basic change
took place in the economical structure of Great Britain. A great number
of tradition companies in the airplane building was united to few
large combines. Furthermore,
 |
The first
start one Concorde at
the 2nd March 1969 in Toulouse. |
development work was very expensive.
The society BAC the only auspices closed in the evolution of the ultrasonic
passenger planes. A cooperation with foreign enterprises was had to
be searched since the British government refused the full incorporation
of financing the project. However, the favored US giants and Boeing
and Lockheed showed the cold shoulder to the Britons and the BAC turned
European partners possible for itself.
Since some enterprises were already concerned also with the evolution
of a supersonic aircraft in France for some time, and one had found
a great agreement between both models, pushed itself a British-French
cooperation on.
That became English in London in November 1962 - French agreements
with the name "Concorde" ("harmony") for the common evolution of an
ultrasonic passenger plane signed. The agreement it went onto a common
draft of BAC chief engineer Dr. Bill rope and the technical director
that broth-Aviation-work, Lucien Servanty, back. |
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page
165
 |
Proof of the first ultrasonic
flight
that Concorde 001 of the 1st one
October 1969. |
One first employed two spelling: The British government decided itself
for "Concord", the French one for "Concorde". One agreed internationally
on "Concorde". only with time It was called later jocular once that
the only discrepancy between Great Britain and France during the years
of cooperation merely in the "e" at the end of the word "Concorde"
existed have.
After a screening year stage of the construction and of test of single
components finally found in Toulouse at the 2nd March
 |
Three
responsible heads the
Concorde- project: Brian
Trubshaw, director of the flight
test program the BAC, Andre
Turcat, its French partner with
Aerospatiale and Sir George
Edwards, president the BAC and
the program head on English
page. |
1969 the primary flight of the built in France ones Concorde 001 instead
of.
The 2nd March was a Sunday morning. Hundreds of journalists had arrived
in order to report at length on the event. The French television transmitted
the old maid flight in one live-TV program. The spectators could observe
as the inspections carried out before the flight and the four Olympustriebwerke
started were. Fire-fighting vehicles and rescue teams were provided.
Then rolled that Concorde below loud din to the runway. The ultrasonic
jet ascended the first time into the blue sky accompanied by a Mirage.
The test livestock brought the machine to an altitude of approximately
3000 meters where the airplane 113 500 kilograms heavy achieved a
rate of 460 k.p.h. Half hour after one well those put flight pilot
Andre Turcat and its crew Concorde 001 again onto the ground. During
applause of the present spectators and on the eyes of million television
viewers were landed she secure. Only few weeks after this started
at the 9th April 1969 the model built in the English Filton 002 the
model Concorde to its primary flight. In the same year were presented
the two preproduction models on that Paris occurring all two years
Air show.
 |
Proof of the primary flight
of the French
ones Concorde from March 1969. The
precise air route is unknown. |
The destination that Concorde- evolution was maturity phase in order
to also have success in economical respect with the project One immediately
worked on the further ultrasonic test and corrected continuously the
models especially since international competition was in the offing.
Because too in Russia, several teams already worked on a supersonic
aircraft for years. Since the 5th June 1969 was one there at test
flights in the supersonic field and the worldwide export of a supersonic
aircraft was already announced. |
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page
166
Tupolew
Tu-144
COMPETITION FROM RUSSIA: TUPOLEW
The draft works the Tu-144 stood by management of Professor Alexej
Andrejewitsch Tupolew, the son of the Russisch airplane engineer Andrej
Tupolew. Proven also the Soviets - and the manufacturers that Concorde
- the characteristic wing shape of the ultrasonic jets on a specific
investigation airplane reduced to scale.
 |
The Russisch
Tupolew Tu-144
expels the characteristic form
that Concorde on. |
The USSR had won in 1957 with the Sputnik satellite the race into
space one wanted to now also win the race around the future pointing
supersonic aircraft. The western press had led the introduction of
the Tupolew model on the Pariser Aero parlor in spring 1965 for a
series of speculations those
 |
A block output the Yemen
of 1969
shows Charles de Gaulle and that
Concorde. |
culminated in the contention that that open- 144 merely a copy that
Concorde be. The mocking term very soon made the round from the "Concordski".
External in fact exists between that Concorde and the Tu-144 a great
similarity: Both drafts they employ Delta double crescent wing and
one for alighting lower cash nose-section fairings with retractable
cockpit windshields. The wings the Tu-144 are however - at least at
the preproduction model -lower complicated. The tail fin face is larger
in the circumstance, flatter the trunk bottom as with that Concorde.
The greatest recognizable difference lies in the jet engine building.
With four Kusnezow turbofans with post-torches become the Tu-144 employed,
that Concorde on the other hand has turbo-engines those are arranged
below the trunk paarweise. Every pair has separate exhaust fume guided
tours shaped according to the face rule and changeable air inlets.
All four jet engines are equipped for relief at start and footpath
flight with post-torches, the two exterior jet engines with shear
reversal. The preproduction model of the
 |
Proof of the primary flight
that Concorde
002. The edition of such proofs is often
very small. The present letter it is number
28 from 162 flown proofs. |
Tupolew Tu-144 started at the 31st December 1968, somewhat less than
two months before the primary flight that Concorde, from the secret
Moskauer military air base Zhukovsky to its first test flight. Only
after the succeeded primary flight the Tu-144 sent the Russian news
agencies the pictures around the world. West of the iron curtain,
one was not pleased strangely about this message from Moscow.
The Tupolew did- 144 was Moscow parade airplane and technique was
regarded Soviet as evidence for the high standard and as a visible
one "success of the worker". The Russian designers now attempted to
correct their airplane technically and for the western market too
perfect Ionian. |
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page
167
Paris
1973
SHOWDOWN AERO-SALON PARIS
 |
Proof of the first flight
one Concorde
with MACH 2 on the 12th November
1970, in a signed manner of pilot
Brian Trubshaw. |
The annual Aero parlor in Paris is regarded as the most important
fair for airplanes. Both supersonic aircraft had already been represented
there, although nicht in the same year. it came in a British manner
that in 1973 to the first one meeting-French Concorde and the Russian
Tupolew Tu-144.
On the third day of the parlor, the British pilots showed John to
Farley and Andy Jones during a flight presentation that Concorde interesting
maneuvers and acceleration. The Russian pilots then started with their
supersonic aircraft. Too they showed spectacular flight maneuvers.
Misfortune happened
 |
Look into
the cockpit that
Concorde. |
during an impressive footpath flight of the Tupolew however: The Russisch
pilots obviously broke off abruptly the footpath course of events,
the machine took except for control and descended.
The investigation of the misfortune on political tier was carried
out both in Paris and in Moscow. One notified itself at the diplomatic
formulation of a technical defect as a misfortune cause. An official
research report was never published, too the flight data printer of
the Russian machine was never supposedly found.
Only late years passed through for details
 |
Proof of the old maid flight
of the
English one Concorde at the 17th
December 1971. |
misfortune to light the public: A French Mirage should make photographs
secret during the flight from the Russian ultrasonic machine. The
presence of a further airplane in the atmosphere had been concealed
from the pilots of the Tupolew at the start. The abrupt abnormal termination
of the footpath flight was the only possibility for the pilots to
prevent a collision with the French espionage airplane emerging suddenly
with fatal exit.
The Tupolew crash of 1973 had no noticeable influence on contest around
the beginning of the line company with supersonic aircraft. 1975 was
with a Tupolew join- 144 the regular air traffic between Moscow and
that kasachischen capital Alma-Ata included, nonetheless at first
only for transportation flights with freights and mail. Thanks ultrasonic
became the route instead of put back in four in only two hours.
That Concorde was also itself in 1975 immediately before maturity
for the line service. British Airways were already with it to plan
a scheduled flight plan. |
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page
168
Regular
transport service
REGULAR TRANSPORT SERVICE AND DISAPPOINTMENTS
 |
Proof of the first ultrasonic
flight of the French
ones Concorde 001 on the route of Buenos Aires
after Toulouse on the 13th September 1971. |
The normal passenger line service was at the 21st Together to January
1976 in England and France included. The British Airways now sent
regularly their ultrasonic flier to Bahrain from London, Air France
flew in the line service of Paris after Rio DE Janeiro. The northern
Atlantic route was from the British Airways at the 26th On the route
of London after Washington D. C. May 1976 flown for the first
 |
At the
30th June 1973 offered
the rate that Concorde scientists
the possibility, a total eclipse 75
minutes long to observe. |
time in the line service.
The many presentations and sale trips that Concorde were ended successful
and 70 machines had commanded by twelve air-routes. But as 1976 the
commerce flights began, reduced itself on account of increasing costs
and during the increasing protests of environmental control organizations
the orders to nine machines for Air France and British Airways. Expected
who had, that the successful company that Concorde in the case of
Air France and British Airways repeat orders would release, looked
itself deceived. An essential factor for absence of the customers
was the not foreseeable price blast of mineral oil.
Punctual at the sixtieth anniversary of October revolution on the
1st one November 1977 was finally also opened the passenger company
with the Russian Tupolew for Tu-144. For 83,70 roubles, then
 |
As already at catapult and
zeppelin mail were
also mails, those for transportation with that
Concorde certain were routed, from other
countries. This letter was first advanced by
Bolivian airmail after Rio DE for Janeiro, from
Rio occurred ones transportation on the first
flight that Concorde from Rio to Paris on the
21st January 1976. |
about 265 DM, it could have one the adventure ultrasonic in Russia.
Nevertheless the Tu-144 soon into the technical and economical offside
flew. Travellers reported on deafening noise in the cabin, to normal
conversation, it was not to be thought. News was written and passed
on on note. The seats were uncomfortable, one sat very in a cramped
manner, board catering consisted of vodka and biscuits.
the seven produced serial machines were pulled suddenly out of commerce
in 1978. The designer Tupolew expressed officially compared to French
industry managers the machines used too a lot of fuel and the company
might be uneconomical therefore. |
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page
169
 |
Primary day impressed block
output from
Bahrain, that on the occasion of the
inauguration that Concorde- route of
Bahrain to London on the 22nd Spent
January 1976 was. |
However, those had Russian Deltafluegler in truth with considerably
more serious problems to fight: In the first June week of 1978 had
descended one Tu-144 according to for the start for a workshop flight
to Moscow. As short on it a further one demonstrate- 144 off descended,
was adjusted flying temporary. 102 passenger flights were in total
completed.
One first announced to be able to use the type of aircraft to 1980
again. However, this could not be implemented and uncertainty was
over years, to 1983 the Russian minister of civil aviation the final
from for the explained Tu-144 one.
That Concorde- machines on the other hand first flew over two decades
troublefree
 |
At the
airport of San Francisco is
also in addition to other airplanes
one Concorde attended. |
with MACH 2 of London and Paris over northern Atlantic. When and wherever
one Concorde with its strikingly long stilt legs one float, the local
one felt itself and national aviation ennobled. Concorde- primary
flights took too true people celebrations on the airports. 1983 was
that Concorde for the first time in Munich to have, in 1984 in Cologne-
Bonn.
Technique
TECHNIQUE THAT CONCORDE
That Concorde- models were always advanced, yours technical
data are exceptional. In addition to the exceptional rate, the big
emphasis and the jet engine service in particular impress navigation
and
 |
Concorde- special flight
on the 13th Of
London to New York on the occasion of the
50th April 1978 Anniversary the Atlantic
flight from 1928. |
stabilization engineering.
The fuel system that Concorde is not only used for supply the jet
engines but also for the cooling and modification of the trim situation
of the airplane mentioned like this. This stabilization means by transferring
the fuel emphasis already became inserted at zeppelin airships. Every
main tank group has two collecting tanks filled always in order to
supply the jet engines on their page with fuel. The remaining fuel
is shifted in the airplane and employed besides as heat accumulators
in order to temper the ventilating system, the hydraulics systems,
the electric outfit and the jet engine lubrication. |
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page
170
 |
Proof of the Concorde- primary
flight from
Berlin to London on the 30th June 1985. |
Main items of the navigation and flight system of taxation that Concorde
are a digital computer and that can swivel itself around every axis
the inertness platform, a small unit.
To electronics that Concorde appertain different systems for radio
communication, two navigation and instrument landing systems, in each
case two height and distance measure- systems, a receiver for marker
light of ground stations and a curse- radar in the brace, that registers
tempests, dense cloud shifts and turbulence contained on the line
of course. The flight command computer system controls the jet engine
service automatically while blind landing.
Moreover, the crew brings a tiny cassette to board. It contains a
video tape which records the details of the required air route and
possible detours on the 8- customs duty screen contained in the instrument
panel to other airports. The inertness navigation system checks video
tape representation continuously so that the situation of the airplane
is always announced in the center of the screen. The display furthermore,
announces the situation the airplane with the aid of other navigation
means for what purpose external or ground independent radio and radar
systems are used.
In spite of the many superlatives that Concorde and
 |
The world flight that Concorde
restored in
1988 in somewhat less than 40 hours of Paris
via Dakar, Rio de Janeiro, Guam, Bangkok and
Cairo to Paris. Many stops of the flight are
observed on this proof. |
more effective in advertising flights from 1988 like the world flight
remained Air France and British Airways the only air lines those bought
such supersonic aircraft. In total were up to now only 14 Concorde-
built serial machines. It is correspondingly exclusive, with one Concorde
over the Atlantic to travel While champagne and caviar can be eaten
to board, one flies in the case of double velocity of sound the destination
towards, at 2060 kilometers per hour.
A special speed record set up one Concorde at the 7th At the flight
from London of New York February 1996 on, that she put back in only
three hours. The usual travel time on this route on average, otherwise
conducts somewhat less than four hours. |
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page
171
|
Time
document
|
|
CONCORDE-PROOFS FOR TOPICS
OF THE DAY
|
|
|
|
Special
flight of the French football national team to the
football- world mastership 1978 from Paris to Buenos
Aires at the 24th May 1978.
|
|
|
|
Separating
flight from London to New York with special
die and print on the occasion of wedding Charles and
Diana Spencer on the 29th July 1981.
|
|
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page
172
 |
In the
"highest and the
most rapid post office of
the world" were
impressed in 1989 on
the anniversary the
primary flight 1400
proofs in the case of
MACH 1,5. |
On account of the immense rate that Concorde in the flight through
the time zones arrive one during train oil Atlantic flights earlier
in New York than one took off in London. A flight which begins at
10.30 o'clock in London already ends at 9.25 o'clock in New York.
Since the premiere flight of the line service from London to Bahrain
in 1976 had the seven Concorde the British Airways in 1999 up over
45 000 flights off sol four. The machines were with it for instance
127 000 hours in air, from that, more than 100 000 hours with ultrasonic.
The airplanes had kilometer far over 205 million, that corresponds
about 4000 surrounds the world, troublefree put back until a misfortune
happened in 2000 for the first
 |
Proof of the Concorde- primary
flight
of Berlin- Schoenefeld to Paris on the
3rd October 1991 |
time.
At the 25th July 2000 fell one Concorde close to the airport "Charles
DE Gaulle" in Paris off. During the crash of flight for 4590, that
happened at only 16.43 o'clock two minutes to the start of the ultrasonic
machine, got for 113 people around life. The precise misfortune cause
is undetermined. A vehement light caused aviation fuel leaking out
from a damaged wing tank in a jet engine and led it to the disaster.
The burning machine overturned centesimal degree chimney into a hotel
in the Pariser suburb immediately to the start. As possible triggers
for the harm of the tank leading for misfortune were mentioned before
both a lost metal part one started airplane and lapses of the ground
personnel of the Air France, where an important
 |
Primary flight Paris-Stuttgart-Paris
on
1.5.1998 on the occasion of the 35th
Anniversary the signature of the contract for
German- French cooperation. Two motive alike
special flags also adorn the proof in addition to
different special dice from France and Germany. |
component on the traversing gear that Concorde forgotten was. Moreover
should, according to "The Observer", the misfortune machine almost
six tons of overweight had have what would be able to have displaced
dangerously the emphasis of the machine far to the back.
Now flew France and Great Britain that Concorde not only from economical
considerations. Rather, she was regarded as a symbol of the British
one and perhaps even moreer the French national pride. It was called
it in a French newspaper: "For France it is misfortune more than one
aircraft crash. It it is the end one Symbols." |
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page
173
 |
Proof of the separating
flight from the 7th
November 1999 (Passage du Mur du Son) from
Paris to the English Channel, further in the
direction of Atlantic and in a big bow over the
French coast back to Paris. |
Considered below this aspect, was it indispensable that that Concorde
again had answer. So were only criticized the flights short time and
the flight permission at once again given however the machines frequenting
for more than one quartering century line moderately meanwhile are
not criticized only through misfortune in 2000 of an increasing criticism.
That Concorde has indeed been since their origin the fastest civilian
passenger plane of the world an economical success for the manufacturers
was able never to however appear. Not in the end on account of high
fuel consumption could also be opened into presence no further market
for the airplane. The fuel crowd, the one Concorde required for the
flight from London over northern Atlantic, suffices other train oil
Atlantic jet for the same route there and back. Ecological oriented
enterprises turned that Concorde too because of high environmental
 |
"A collector dream
became reality",
write an Concorde- proof collector,
when it was made possible for him in
1999, to participate itself in a flight
and to in principle send an proof. |
pollution through its exhaust fumes the backs.
It is the rate what remains. Prominent person and top manager estimate
the time advantage, that itself through switching time of only somewhat
less than four hours for northern Atlantic crossing average shows.
The fast Concorde-flights are often also dispatched at special terminals
on the airports through what the check-in time is also abridged.
Low the time advantage but rather the exclusivity of the flight stimulates
tourists those complete a relatively short flight to 20000 meters
at record rate height for a lot of money. Over the clouds, the rate
is not to however be divined almost. Only the digital display in the
cabin proves that one flies with ultrasonic.
New Supersonic plans were indeed matured in the USA in the eighty
nineties and the US government had provided to a team of engineers
and designers to dollar for the evolution over two billion a futuristic
hyper sound jet however conversion would be first through further
possible for ten billion dollars become. A such sum would have required
a global financing which was unrealizable under the given circumstances.
So is that Concorde presumably medium-term the single supersonic aircraft
for the civilian use stay up because one does research nowhere at
the moment on the world at such projects. |
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page
190
Expression of thanks
Only through cooperation with innumerable collectors,
collector associations, companies, flier associations and flight historians,
this book could result. The authors in particular thank the BDPh as
well as the association "Wir holen die BREMEN nach Bremen", by its
procurement the first important contacts could be linked.
Private collections
The following persons opened their extensive private collections for
the realization of this book and made philatelistische and time historical
documents available:
Ronny Vogt, Zürich (Atlantikflug der Bremen 1928)
Dieter Leder, Meersburg (Katapultflug-Belege)
Manfred Neumann, Bremen (Luftpoststempel)
Walter Redeker, Nürnberg (Concorde-Belege)
Wolfgang Haseloff, Lonsee (Lufthansa-Belege)
Günter Mair, Hausach (Luftpost-Zettel) |
|
Interview
